As we approach mahila divas on March 8, 2026, a pressing question arises: How effectively are women represented in Indian politics? The answer is both encouraging and sobering. While there has been notable progress in women’s political representation, significant gaps still exist.

Currently, women make up only 14% of the members in the Lok Sabha, India’s lower house of Parliament. This figure reflects a gradual increase from 22 women members in the first Lok Sabha to 74 in the 18th Lok Sabha. Despite these advancements, the overall representation remains disproportionately low compared to global standards, where 27% of MPs are women.

Historical Context and Current Landscape

The journey towards gender equality in Indian politics has been long and challenging. Indira Gandhi, who served as Prime Minister from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984, famously stated, “I consider it an insult… Why should I be considered a man when I am not?” This sentiment reflects the ongoing struggle women face in a male-dominated political landscape.

As of 2026, the All India Trinamool Congress (TMC) stands out with over 37% of its members being women, showcasing a commitment to gender representation. In contrast, the Lok Sabha’s overall female representation highlights a stark disparity, particularly when compared to the 14.5 lakh elected women representatives in Panchayati Raj Institutions, which constitute about 46% of total elected representatives.

Legislative Changes and Future Prospects

Significant legislative changes are on the horizon, with the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023, reserving one-third of all seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. However, the women’s reservation bill is expected to come into effect only after the next nationwide census and subsequent delimitation exercise, projected for the 2029 general elections.

Political parties, including the BJP, Congress, DMK, and SP, are under scrutiny regarding their commitment to increasing female representation. Derek O’Brien, a prominent member of the TMC, raised pertinent questions about the number of women MPs in the largest political parties, emphasizing the need for accountability and action.

Global Comparisons and Ongoing Challenges

Globally, the situation varies significantly, with 21 countries having fewer than 10% of parliamentarians who are women, while only six countries boast 50% or more women in their parliaments. This context underscores the importance of continued advocacy for women’s rights and representation in India.

As we celebrate mahila divas, the question remains: Do we still measure powerful women using male standards? This inquiry is crucial as it challenges the norms and expectations placed upon women in leadership roles. The fight for equality continues, and the path forward will require concerted efforts from all sectors of society.

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